Nitrogen constitutes 78% of the volume of the air we breathe. At room temperature, nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas.
It is non-toxic and chemically inert at low temperatures. However, in high concentrations, it can have an asphyxiating effect as it reduces the amount of oxygen necessary for breathing. At atmospheric pressure, nitrogen liquefies at a temperature of -196°C.
Nitrogen finds numerous applications in industrial and research sectors, where it can be used both for its physical properties (as a refrigerant) and its chemical properties (as an inert gas). In the latter case, it returns to the atmosphere without undergoing alterations after use.
Nitrogen is widely used in the food industry. Pure or mixed with carbon dioxide (carbo-nitrogen), it is used for food packaging and preservation, as well as in the wine bottling process to prevent oxidation.
In the food sector, nitrogen is also used for freezing, silo and storage tank inerting, and, in aquaculture, for controlling water temperature.
Primary gas utilizations in different markets
Industry Agro-food Industry
Packaging in a protective atmosphere, Food cryogenics, Deoxygenation and preservation of food and beverages, Grinding
Mechanical constructions
Heat treatment of certain metals; Cold caletting
Petrochemical Chemistry
Protection of product and facility quality, solvent recovery; rubber deburring; powder cooling; milling
Laboratories
Pure gases and mixtures: analysis and quality control (industries and hospitals)
Metallurgy
Aluminum extrusion; sub-zero tempering
Refining
Protection of product and facility quality
Health
Storage of living cells and tissues at low temperatures
Semiconductors
Ultra pure, general protection against impurities and oxidation
Steel Industry
Pneumatic transport of powdered coal
Glass
Protection of molten glass from oxidation
Others
Inflating tires; cryogenic paint stripping; vacuum metallization
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